Primary and referred otalgia pathways of the facial nerve vii. The ear receives an extensive sensory innervation arising from six nerve roots. Ct temporal bone complex otalgia with iv contrast img 14256. Once determined, most causes of referred otalgia can be readily treated. Cervical spine causes for referred otalgia sciencedirect. Among all causes of referred otalgia, dental pathology, which transmits referred otalgia via a branch of the trigeminal nerve, is the most common source of nonotogenic pain. Cranial nerve vii produces referred otalgia via the auricular branch of the facial nerve. Pain that originates within the ear is primary otalgia.
A careful history, structured in the usual fashion, will help localise the problem within the ear, or without. Secondary referred otalgia is referred to the ear from disease in structures remote from the ear. Referred otalgia referred otalgia is the sensation of ear pain originating from a source outside the ear the general ear. Fiftytwo consecutive patients with known or suspected crohns disease underwent mr and conventional enteroclysis. He says hes had two or three similar episodes in the past year, which were treated elsewhere. Diagnosis and management of otalgia in children adc. Lymphadenitis parotitis swelling over angle mandible tmj dysfunction fairly common 10 years facial nerve palsy oropharyngeal infections sinusitis referred pain v. Pain referred to the ear is a welldocumented phenomenon, which can be. Referred otalgia referred otalgia is the sensation of ear pain originating from a source outside the ear the general ear region is sensorily innervated via four cranial nerves and two spinal segments. Many other structures in the head, neck and thorax share a common neuronal pathway with the. Typical sources of primary otalgia are external otitis, otitis media, mastoiditis, andauricular infections. Basic functionality is available without a fee, while an adfree experience can be had with inapp purchases. Pdf the radiology of referred otalgia researchgate. The radiology of referred otalgia american journal of.
Identification of a causative etiology is often necessary to successfully treat referred otalgia. The sensory innervation of the ear involves six nerves. When primary otalgia is present, an ear examination typically shows some abnormality of the outer or middle ear. American journal of clinical oncology, 26 5, e157162. Reprinted with permission from the american journal of clinical oncology 2003. In case of normal ear examination, otalgia is defined as referred otalgia, and in the case of ear pathologies, it is defined as primary. Otalgia or ear pain is one of the most common complaints in the pediatric. Hearing disturbance and otorrhea were significantly more common in.
Ear disorders otalgia california ear institute ear. All patients had anormal otologic examination and diagnosed with causes for referred otalgia were categorizedaccording to distribution of cranial nerve, gender. Otalgia is a common symptom in the pediatric patient, but its cause can be elusive. The authors propose a unified schema and outline potential areas of nervous system. Otalgia is a very common presentation in general practice and most cases are due to infections and are treated appropriately. Secondary otalgia may arise from diseases in the paranasal sinuses, nose, and pharynx or, frequently, from temporomandibular disorder tmd. The purpose of this study was to compare mr enteroclysis mre with conventional enteroclysis ce in patients with small intestinal crohns disease. The nasal cavity may be sprayed with topical ponocaine or cetacaine, or 4% lidocaine gargle can be used to anesthetize the oropharynx and larynx, and injectable 1%. Only by careful patient history and physical examination can all causes in this extensive. Otalgia is a common presenting complaint to ear nose and throat departments. Pain referred to the ear is a welldocumented phenomenon, which can be due to a multitude of disease processes. Referred otalgia is more vexing to diagnose and treat than primary otalgia because its source. Referred otalgia is pain that originates outside of the ear.
Review article the radiology of referred otalgia r. A thorough history and physical examination can usually provide a diagnosis. Referred or secondary otalgia is a challenging symptom, with the burden on the physician to identify the source. Pdf on mar 1, 2008, m a siddiq and others published otalgia find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Otalgia, especially referred otalgia, can be a diagnostic challenge. Started in 1995, this collection now contains 6767 interlinked topic. Otalgia, or pain localised to the ear, is a common symptom seen in general practice, emergency departments and otolaryngology clinics. Otalgia may be classified as otologic, periotic or referred. Referred otalgia is a challenging symptom, with the burden on the physician to identify the source.
Diagnosis and management of otalgia in the pediatric patient. Despite some limitations in the free edition of this app, including a maximum file size of 2. Clinical profile of referred otalgia in a tertiary health centre a retrospective study int j cur res rev, july 2014 vol 06 14 page 19 66. It can be broadly divided into primary otalgia, which includes the diseases occurring largely within the ear, or secondary otalgia, which is pain referred to the ear by travelling along cranial nerves that supply both the ear and referred region. Secondary otalgia in an adult population otolaryngology. On occasion, there has been omission of various components in this referred otalgia pathway, however. Bell palsy can present as ear pain, antecedent to facial paralysis.
Ear pain may be caused by a problem inside the ear, such as an outer or middle ear infection, or from a problem outside but near the ear, such as sinusitis, temporomandibular joint. In our study, 770 patients suffered from otalgia, 12. Otalgia is a common symptom in children presenting to general practitioners, paediatricians and otorhinolaryngologists. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Otalgia with a normal ear university of miamis research. This oftenupdated app combines a large number of pdf files from your android device, as well as many other useful features. Use antibiotics in treating various types of infections eg, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis. Internal laryngocoele and referred otalgia bmj case reports. A study of the etiology of referred otalgia iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology no.